Bonaventure

COMMENTARIUS IN DISTINCTIONEM XIV.

Pars I.

De productione insensibilium continentium.

Dixit quoque Deus: Fiat firmamentum etc.

DIVISIO TEXTUS.

Supra egit Magister de productione illius formae, quae est quasi generale principium distinguendi ceteras corporales formas. In hac parte agit de productione rerum quantum ad formas speciales. Et quoniam quaedam res sunt simplices, quaedam mixtae, sive quaedam sunt insensibiles, quaedam sensibiles; ideo pars ista habet duas. In prima agit Magister de productione simplicium et insensibilium. In secunda vero de productione mixtorum et sensibilium, infra distinctione decima quinta: Dixit quoque Deus: Producant aquae reptile etc.

Et quoniam corpora simplicia sive insensibilia sunt in duplici differentia: quaedam enim sunt continentia, quaedam contenta; ideo pars prima duas habet. In prima agit de productione et distinctione corporalium quantum ad res continentes. In secunda vero quantum ad res contentas, ibi: Sequitur: Dixit Deus: Congregentur aquae etc. Prima pars, in qua scilicet agitur de rebus continentibus, utpote de caelis et caelorum distinctione, habet quatuor partes. In prima determinat caelorum naturam. In secunda tangit quaestionem de figura, ibi: Quaeri etiam solet, cuius figurae etc. In tertia quaerit de motu, ibi: Quaeritur etiam, si stet, aut moveatur. In quarta vero removet quoddam dubium, ibi: Post haec quaeri solet, quare etc. Omnes hae partes remanent indivisae praeter primam, quae dividitur in duas. In prima determinat naturam caelorum secundum veritatem. In secunda secundum quorundam opinionem, ibi: Quidam vero caelum etc. Et sic breviter tria inquirit Magister in hac parte: caelorum naturam et figuram et motum.

TRACTATIO QUAESTIONUM.

Ad intelligentiam autem huius partis incidit hic quaestio de caelis. Et quaeruntur hic tria.

Primo quaeritur de caelis quantum ad naturam.

Secunda quaestio est de eis quantum ad figuram.

Tertia quaestio est quantum ad motoris influentiam.

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COMMENTARY ON DISTINCTION XIV.

Part I.

On the production of insensible continent [bodies].

God also said: Let there be a firmament, etc.

DIVISION OF THE TEXT.

Above, the Master treated of the production of that form which is, as it were, the general principle for distinguishing the other corporeal forms. In this part he treats of the production of things with respect to their special forms. And since some things are simple and some are mixed — that is, some are insensible and some sensible — therefore this part has two [parts]. In the first the Master treats of the production of simple and insensible [bodies]. In the second of the production of mixed and sensible [bodies], below in Distinction XV: God also said: Let the waters bring forth the creeping thing, etc.

And since simple or insensible bodies fall under a twofold difference — for some are containing and some are contained — therefore the first part has two [subdivisions]. In the first he treats of the production and distinction of corporeal [bodies] with respect to containing things. In the second with respect to contained things, at: There follows: God said: Let the waters be gathered, etc. The first part, in which, namely, [the Master] treats of containing things — that is, of the heavens and the distinction of the heavens — has four parts. In the first he determines the nature of the heavens. In the second he touches the question about [their] figure, at: It is also accustomed to be asked, of what figure, etc. In the third he asks about [their] motion, at: It is also asked, whether [the heaven] stands or is moved. In the fourth he removes a certain doubt, at: After this it is wont to be asked, why, etc. All these parts remain undivided except the first, which is divided into two. In the first he determines the nature of the heavens according to the truth. In the second according to the opinion of certain [others], at: But some [say] that the heaven, etc. And thus the Master briefly inquires into three things in this part: the nature, the figure, and the motion of the heavens.

TREATMENT OF THE QUESTIONS.

For the understanding of this part there here arises a question about the heavens. And three things are asked here.

First, it is asked about the heavens with respect to [their] nature.

The second question is about them with respect to [their] figure.

The third question is with respect to the influence of [their] mover.