Bonaventure

## COMMENTARIUS IN DISTINCTIONEM XXIX.

De gratia secundum statum naturae institutae.

Post haec considerandum etc.

DIVISIO TEXTUS.

Supra ostendit Magister, quantum liberum arbitrium indiget auxilio gratiae secundum statum naturae lapsae. In hac parte inquirit, utrum eguerit gratia operante et cooperante secundum statum naturae institutae. Dividitur autem pars ista in partes duas. In quarum prima determinat de auxilio gratiae, quod collatum fuit homini ante peccatum. In secunda per oppositum determinat de supplicio poenae, quod inflictum fuit homini post peccatum, ibi: In illius quoque peccati poenam etc. Prima pars habet duas. In prima inquirit Magister, utrum liberum arbitrium hominis ante lapsum gratia eguerit. Secundo vero, utrum in statu illo gratiam et virtutes habuerit, ibi: Praeterea quaeri solet, utrum homo ante lapsum etc. Similiter secunda pars principalis duas habet. In prima determinat, cuiusmodi poena homo fuerit punitus propter peccatum, videlicet poena expulsionis de paradiso; ubi etiam explanat verba Scripturae circa hanc materiam. In secunda removet dubitationem, quae ex dictis¹ habet originem, ibi: Potest autem quaeri, utrum de ligno vitae etc. — Et sic terminatur illa totalis pars, in qua egit Magister de primi hominis lapsu, et quantum ad peccatum, per quod cecidit, et quantum ad adiutorium, per quod stare potuit.

TRACTATIO QUAESTIONUM.

Ad intelligentiam autem huius partis, in qua agitur de gratiae adiutorio secundum statum naturae institutae, incidit hic quaestio circa tria.

Primo quaeritur, utrum homo ante peccatum gratia eguerit.

Secundo quaeritur, utrum ante peccatum gratiam habuerit.

Tertio quaeritur de quantitate gratiae, quam in illo statu habuit.

Circa primum quaeruntur duo.

Primo quaeritur, utrum homo in statu innocentiae, circumscripto dono gratiae, esset Deo acceptus.

Secundo quaeritur, utrum absque gratia posset exire in opus meritorium.

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Commentary on Distinction XXIX.

On grace according to the state of instituted nature.

After these things it must be considered etc.

Division of the text.

Above the Master showed how much free choice needs the help of grace according to the state of fallen nature. In this part he inquires whether it needed grace operating and cooperating according to the state of instituted nature. Now this part is divided into two parts. In the first of these he determines concerning the help of grace which was conferred on man before sin. In the second, conversely, he determines concerning the punishment of penalty which was inflicted on man after sin, there: Into the penalty also of that sin etc. The first part has two [parts]. In the first the Master inquires whether the free choice of man before the fall needed grace. Second, whether in that state he had grace and virtues, there: Moreover it is wont to be asked, whether man before the fall etc. Likewise the second principal part has two [parts]. In the first he determines with what kind of penalty man was punished on account of sin, namely the penalty of expulsion from paradise; where he also explains the words of Scripture concerning this matter. In the second he removes a doubt which arises from the things said¹, there: But it can be asked, whether of the tree of life etc. — And so is brought to a close that whole part in which the Master treated of the fall of the first man, both as to the sin through which he fell, and as to the help through which he could have stood firm.

Treatment of the questions.

For the understanding of this part, in which there is treated the help of grace according to the state of instituted nature, there arises here a question regarding three [matters].

First it is asked whether man before sin needed grace.

Second it is asked whether before sin he had grace.

Third it is asked concerning the quantity of grace which he had in that state.

Concerning the first, two [questions] are asked.

First it is asked whether man in the state of innocence, the gift of grace being set aside, would be acceptable to God.

Second it is asked whether without grace he could go forth into a meritorious work.

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