Dist. 18, Part 1, Divisio Textus
Book IV: On the Sacraments · Distinction 18
COMMENTARIUS IN DISTINCTIONEM XVIII.
Pars I.
De potestate clavium et usu earum in foro poenitentiali.
Hic quaeri solet, si peccatum iam omnino dimissum est a Deo etc.
DIVISIO TEXTUS.
Supra egit Magister de confessione quantum ad necessitatem a parte poenitentis; hic secundo agit de ipsa quantum ad potestatem ex parte absolventis1. Habet autem haec pars duas. In prima agit de potestate in se, in secunda in comparatione ad suscipientes, infra distinctione decima nona: Postquam ostensum est, quae sint claves apostolicae etc. Prima pars habet duas. In prima determinat de clavibus et earum usu in foro poenitentiali; in secunda vero in foro iudiciali, ibi: Est et alius modus ligandi et solvendi etc.
Prima pars habet duas. In prima quaerit et determinat veritatem. In secunda ad maiorem enodationem opponit, et hoc ibi: Sed quaeritur, utrum a peccato solvere valeat. Prima pars duas habet. In prima movet suam quaestionem. In secunda determinat, ibi: Claves istae non sunt corporales. Similiter secunda pars duas habet. In prima opponit ad utramque partem, ostendens primo, quod sacerdotes non possunt solvere a peccato et ligare; secundo, quod possunt a peccato solvere et ligare2. In secunda determinat modum, per quem solvunt et ligant, ibi: Non autem hoc sacerdotibus concessit, quibus tamen etc., ubi ostendit, quod sacerdotes dicuntur ligare et solvere vel quantum ad ostensionem, vel quantum ad poenam temporalem.
TRACTATIO QUAESTIONUM.
Ad intelligentiam huius partis quaeritur de clavibus, secundum quod spectant ad forum poenitentiale. Et circa hoc tria principaliter quaeruntur.
Primo quaeritur de clavibus in generali.
Secundo, de potestate ligandi et solvendi, quae est clavis principalis.
Tertio, de scientia discernendi.
Quantum ad primum quaeruntur duo.
Primo quaeritur, utrum claves Ecclesiae datae sint.
Secundo, supposito quod sic, quaeritur, ad quid datae sunt.
ARTICULUS I.
De clavibus in generali.
QUAESTIO I.
Utrum claves Ecclesiae sint datae.
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COMMENTARY ON DISTINCTION XVIII.
Part I.
On the power of the keys and the use of them in the penitential forum.
Here it is wont to be asked, whether sin, once altogether remitted by God, etc.
DIVISION OF THE TEXT.
Above the Master treated of confession with respect to its necessity on the part of the penitent; here, secondly, he treats of it with respect to the power on the part of the one absolving1. Now this part has two [parts]. In the first he treats of the power in itself, in the second in comparison to those who receive [it], below in the nineteenth distinction: After it has been shown, what the apostolic keys are, etc. The first part has two [parts]. In the first he determines concerning the keys and their use in the penitential forum; in the second, however, in the judicial forum, there: There is also another mode of binding and loosing, etc.
The first part has two [parts]. In the first he inquires into and determines the truth. In the second, for the sake of fuller unfolding, he argues to the contrary, and this there: But it is asked, whether [the priest] is able to loose from sin. The first part has two [parts]. In the first he raises his question. In the second he determines [it], there: These keys are not corporeal. Likewise the second part has two [parts]. In the first he argues to both sides, showing first, that priests cannot loose from sin and bind; second, that they can loose from sin and bind2. In the second he determines the mode by which they loose and bind, there: Yet this was not conceded to the priests, to whom nevertheless etc., where he shows, that priests are said to bind and loose either with respect to the showing [of it], or with respect to temporal punishment.
TREATMENT OF THE QUESTIONS.
For the understanding of this part, inquiry is made concerning the keys, insofar as they pertain to the penitential forum. And concerning this three things are principally asked.
First it is asked concerning the keys in general.
Second, concerning the power of binding and loosing, which is the principal key.
Third, concerning the knowledge of discerning.
With respect to the first, two things are asked.
First it is asked, whether the keys of the Church have been given.
Second, granted that [they have], it is asked, for what they have been given.
ARTICLE I.
On the keys in general.
QUESTION I.
Whether the keys of the Church have been given.
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- 1Ita codd. FGH, quorum lectio confirmatur ex Divisione textus d. 17. p. 1; alii codd. et edd. absolutionis.Thus codices FGH, whose reading is confirmed from the Division of the text of d. 17, p. 1; other codices and editions [read] absolutionis (of the absolution).
- 2In codd. desideratur haec propositio: secundo... ligare. Edd., perperam posito tres habet pro duas habet [falsitas lectionis edd. colligi tum potest ex voce Similiter], subinde legunt: In secunda ostendit, quod possunt... In tertia determinat modum.In the codices this proposition is wanting: second... bind. The editions, having wrongly put has three for has two [the falsity of the editions' reading can then be gathered from the word Likewise], read thereupon: In the second he shows, that they can... In the third he determines the mode.