Dist. 38, Divisio Textus
Book III: On the Incarnation of the Word · Distinction 38
## COMMENTARIUS IN DISTINCTIONEM XXXVIII. ### De mendacio.
Sciendum tamen, tria esse genera mendaciorum etc.
DIVISIO TEXTUS.
The numbered footnotes below correspond to markers in both the Latin body above and the English translation below; each entry gives the Latin apparatus note (La.) followed by an English rendering (En.).
Supra egit Magister de expositione mandatorum, in hac vero parte intendit agere de obliquitatibus, quae illis mandatis opponuntur et per illa prohibentur. Dividitur autem pars ista in duas. In quarum prima determinat de mendacio. In secunda de periurio, ibi1: Nunc de periurio videamus.
Prima autem pars, in qua agit de mendacio, dividitur in partes tres. In quarum prima determinat de speciebus et differentiis mendacii. In secunda determinat, quid sit mendacium, et quid mentiri, ibi: Hic videndum est, quid sit mendacium2. In tertia vero determinat de his quae ad mendacium consequuntur, ibi: Illud etiam sciendum, quod in quibusdam rebus etc.
Prima pars dividitur in partes duas. In quarum prima ponit trimembrem divisionem mendacii. In secunda vero subiungit aliam divisionem octo membrorum, ibi: Sciendum est etiam, octo esse genera mendacii.
Similiter secunda pars principalis dividitur in duas. In quarum prima determinat Magister, quid sit mendacium, et quid mentiri secundum rem. In secunda vero determinat, quid sit secundum vitii deformitatem, ibi: Quod vero omne mendacium sit peccatum etc.
Similiter tertia pars dividitur in duas. In quarum prima ostendit, quod non omnis deceptio est aequalis periculi3. In secunda vero inquirit, utrum Iacob mentitus fuerit, ibi: Solet etiam quaeri de Iacob etc.
TRACTATIO QUAESTIONUM.
Ad intelligentiam autem huius partis possunt sex breviter quaeri.
Primo quaeritur, utrum essentiale sit omni4 mendacio esse falsum.
Secundo quaeritur, utrum essentiale sit mendacio esse peccatum.
Tertio quaeritur, utrum mendacium sit peccatum mortale ratione sui generis.
Quarto quaeritur, utrum omne mendacium sit mortale viris perfectis.
Quinto quaeritur de numero mendaciorum.
Sexto et ultimo quaeritur de gradibus eorundem.
ARTICULUS UNICUS.
De mendacio.
## COMMENTARY ON DISTINCTION XXXVIII. ### On lying.
Nevertheless it must be known that there are three kinds of lies, etc.
DIVISION OF THE TEXT.
The numbered footnotes below correspond to markers in both the Latin body above and the English translation; each entry gives the Latin apparatus note (La.) followed by an English rendering (En.).
Above, the Master treated of the exposition of the commandments, but in this part he intends to treat of the obliquities which are opposed to those commandments and prohibited by them. Now this part is divided into two. In the first of these he determines concerning lying. In the second, concerning perjury, there1: Now let us consider perjury.
But the first part, in which he treats of lying, is divided into three parts. In the first of these he determines concerning the species and differences of lying. In the second he determines what lying is, and what it is to lie, there: Here it must be seen what lying is2. But in the third he determines concerning those things which follow upon lying, there: That also must be known, that in certain matters, etc.
The first part is divided into two parts. In the first of these he sets down a threefold division of lying. But in the second he adds another division of eight members, there: It must be known also that there are eight kinds of lying.
Likewise the second principal part is divided into two. In the first of these the Master determines what lying is, and what it is to lie according to the thing itself. But in the second he determines what it is according to the deformity of the vice, there: That every lie is a sin, etc.
Likewise the third part is divided into two. In the first of these he shows that not every deception is of equal peril3. But in the second he inquires whether Jacob lied, there: It is also wont to be asked concerning Jacob, etc.
TREATMENT OF THE QUESTIONS.
Now for the understanding of this part six things can be briefly asked.
First, it is asked whether it is essential to every4 lie to be false.
Second, it is asked whether it is essential to a lie to be a sin.
Third, it is asked whether a lie is a mortal sin by reason of its kind.
Fourth, it is asked whether every lie is mortal for perfect men.
Fifth, it is asked concerning the number of lies.
Sixth and last, it is asked concerning the degrees of the same.
SOLE ARTICLE.
On lying.
- Scilicet infra d. XXXIX.That is, below, d. 39.
- Edd. ibi: Mentiri vero est.The editions read there: But to lie is.
- Vat. peccati.The Vatican edition reads of sin (i.e., "not every deception is of equal sin," for periculi, "of peril").
- Cod. K omittit omni, quod econtra Vat. paulo inferius adiungit.Codex K omits omni (« every »), which on the contrary the Vatican edition adds a little lower down.